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Reduction of Healthcare-Associated Infections by Exceeding High Compliance with Hand Hygiene Practices

By |2019-09-22T15:59:16+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract Improving hand hygiene from high to very high compliance has not been documented to decrease healthcare-associated infections. We conducted longitudinal analyses during 2013–2015 in an 853-bed hospital and observed a significantly increased hand hygiene compliance rate (p<0.001) and a significantly decreased healthcare-associated infection rate (p = 0.0066). The association between hand hygiene and infection [...]

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Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping

By |2019-09-22T15:47:52+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Posted September 19, 2019 at 12:00pm ET CDC, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), state and local health departments, and other clinical and public health partners are investigating a multistate outbreak of lung injury associated with e-cigarette product (devices, liquids, refill pods, and/or cartridges) use. Key Facts about E-Cigarette Use, or Vaping Electronic cigarettes – [...]

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Antibiotics, High-Fat, High-Sugar Diets and Microbial Oxalate Metabolism

By |2019-09-22T15:35:41+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Could these be the culprits in the increasing incidence of kidney stones? The associations between urinary stone disease (USD), oxalate and the microbiome are well known. Microbial oxalate metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract involves a diverse, functional microbial network that includes multiple species of oxalate-degrading bacteria, along with other functional groups of bacteria that include acetogenic [...]

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Impact of Outdoor Air Pollution on Indoor Air Quality in Low-Income Homes during Wildfire Seasons

By |2019-09-22T15:19:21+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract   Indoor and outdoor number concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were monitored continuously for two to seven days in 28 low-income homes in Denver, Colorado, during the 2016 and 2017 wildfire seasons. In the absence of indoor sources, all outdoor pollutant concentrations were [...]

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What works best for ensuring treatment adherence. Lessons from a social support program for people treated for tuberculosis in Ukraine

By |2019-09-22T14:57:50+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract Background Worldwide, TB is one of the top 10 causes of death and the leading cause from a single infectious agent. Ukraine is one of 30 countries with the highest burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Global literature shows that social support (SS) is important in improving TB treatment adherence, reducing lost to follow up rates [...]

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Improving outcomes for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Peruvian Amazon – a qualitative study exploring the experiences and perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals

By |2019-09-22T14:51:41+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract Background Management for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is challenging and has poor patient outcomes. Peru has a high burden of MDR-TB. The Loreto region in the Peruvian Amazon is worst affected for reasons including high rates of poverty and poor healthcare access. Current evidence identifies factors that influence MDR-TB medication adherence, but there is limited [...]

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Prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in Morocco

By |2019-09-22T14:43:53+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract Increased prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) has been observed among high-risk populations such as healthcare workers (HCWs). The results may depend on the method of LTBI assessment, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and/or tuberculin skin test (TST). Here, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors for LTBI assessed by both IGRAs and TST in [...]

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Association of iron deficiency anemia with tuberculosis in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based study

By |2019-09-22T14:34:15+00:00September 22nd, 2019|

Abstract Background Iron deficiency is associated with decreased cellular immunity, which may predispose patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) to increased risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). This study investigated the relationship between newly diagnosed IDA and TB infection in Taiwan. Methods The study included data on 21,946 patients with incident IDA and 87,555 non-IDA controls [...]

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Investigation into vaping-related lung injuries intensifies

By |2019-09-21T11:16:26+00:00September 21st, 2019|

As the number of confirmed and probable cases of lung injury associated with electronic cigarette use, or vaping, surges, CDC, FDA and state health departments have scaled up their joint investigation into identifying the cause of this outbreak, officials said today during a CDC telebriefing. Specifically, CDC has activated its emergency operations center to enhance the current [...]

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Long-term immunity against yellow fever in children vaccinated during infancy: a longitudinal cohort study

By |2019-09-21T10:43:43+00:00September 21st, 2019|

Summary Background A single dose of vaccine against yellow fever is routinely administered to infants aged 9–12 months under the Expanded Programme on Immunization, but the long-term outcome of vaccination in this age group is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term persistence of neutralising antibodies to yellow fever virus following routine vaccination in infancy. [...]

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